Making magnets self-keeping



(No Model.) v 2 SheetsSheet 1. E. B. SILLIMAN.

MAKING MAGNETS SELF KEEPING.

Patented Dec; 8. 1885.

//7 1/27 far,

N. PETERS. "010mm. Wm DJ.

2 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

E. B. SILLIMAN.

MAKING MAGNETS SELF KEEPING. No. 331,830. Patented Dec. 8, 1885.

UNITED STATES PATENT Gaines.

ERVA B. SILLIMAN, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNEOTICU".

MAKING MAGNETS SELF-KEEPiNG.

EPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,830, dated December 8, 1835.

Application filed September 24, 1885. Serial No. 78,020. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, ERVA B. SILLIMAN, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Making Magnets Self- Keeping; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention is capable of general application, but has especial relation to the meet magnets in the hoppers and spouts of grain mills ,for the purpose ot' separating metallic particles from the grain. I shall therefore describe that use of the invention only in my specification. It is of course well understood by those familiar with this class of devices that unless the magnets are kept armaturcd there is a gradual loss of power. It is there fore necessary in all mill-magnets to keep the two poles connected by a keeper or armature for a large portion of the time, otherwise the magnets soon become useless through loss of power. WVhen the armature or keeper is in place, the power of the magnet for attracting other particles of metal is greatly reduced, and there is, moreover, serious danger of the armature becoming detached and causing serious damage to the mill.

The object of my invention is to remedy I this difficulty, so far as possible, by entirely dispensing with the use of separate armatu res, and so arranging the magnets that they are made self-keeping.

In order that the principle of my invention may be clearly understood, I will describe the same in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sections of a grain spout, showing the application of my invention, the magnets being respectively in their armatured and operative positions. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of a hopper, one pair only of magnets being used and shown in the armatured position. Fig. 4 is a crosssection of a special form of magnet; Fig. 5, a side elevation corresponding with Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 6, a cross-section ofthe supporting-bar and shaft, with one of the magnets and a portion of one of the holdingdisks in elevation; and Figs. 7 and S are respectively an elevation and section of an ordinary machinemagnet provided with a tapering head or cover, so as to make it fit in correspondingly-shaped sockets on the shalt. and Fig. 9 a view showing the points of the magnets beveled.

Similar letters denote the same parts in all the figures.

A represents the magnets, and B disks upon a shaft, 0. These disks are arranged in pairs parallel with each other, each pair forming a socket for one of the magnets and placed at an angle other than a right angle to said shaft. The magnets may be of any ordinary form. I have illustrated in the drawings the straightarmetl magnets, known to the trade as machine-magnets, but make them thinnest at their inner edges, as shown in Fig. 4, or else provide ordinary flat magnets with heads or covers L, which are secured about them, as indicated in Figs. '7 and 8. These covers are preferably made of hard rubber, vulcanized fiber, or similar material, but metal may be used if preferred. They are made to incline inward from the outer edge to the inner one, so as to conform to the shape of the sockets, which will presently be explained. It will of course be understood that in the armatured position the ends of the respective magnet-arms should be in contact entirely across. \Vhen the construction renders it necessary, I bevel the ends of the magnetssut'- ficiently to bring them in contact entirely across their ends, as is illustrated in Fig. 9. The magnets are hung in the sockets on shaft 0, the arms thereof hanging, respectively, upon opposite sides of supporting-strip D. Any number of pairs of magnets may be used. I preferably cast the disks and shaft integral, giving to the sides of each pair of disks an inclination toward each other from the outer edge inward, so that each socket widens outward from the bottom. This is in order that in casting the shaft and disks may be readily drawn from the sand. In use the disks rest upon the top of the supportingstrip, as is clearly shown. After being placed in position the magnets and their retainingdisks are held there by the supporting-strip, as clearly shown in Fig. 6.

E represents blocks secured to the supporting-strip, which act as stops to prevent endwise movement of the shaft and its gang of magnets, and also to prevent the magnets, when thrown to their operative position, from passing beyond a parallel position, as indicated in Fig. 2.

F in Figs. 1, 2, and 5 represents an ordinary grain-s 'iout.

G in Fig. 3 represents a hopper, and H the usual shoe beneath the hopper.

In practice I place the disks at such an angle relatively to the shaft that a quarter turn is sufficient to throw the magnets from their armatured to their operative position, and vice versa, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It will of course be understood that the angle at which the sockets are placed relatively to the shaft will depend upon the length of the arms of the magnets. The magnets are necessarily placed with their opposite poles next to each other for instance, in Fig. 1, beginning at the left, suppose the positive pole of the first magnet to be the onein view, the positive pole of the second magnet will be upon the opposite side, and the negative pole will be the one in view, so that when in the armatured position each magnet rests with its positive polein contact with the negative pole of its companion. By these m ans I wholly avoid the trouble of attaching and detaching a separate armature for each magnet, and also avoid the danger of the armature becoming detached getting in between the stones and causing series damage thereto.

K represents cranks cast integral with the two outer disks for convenience in turning the shalt.

It will of course be understood that the essence of my invention consists in dispensing with separate a1 matures and making each magnet serve as an armature to another.

I do not desire in any manner to limit myself to the details of construction illustrated in the drawings, as it is obvious that various means may be adopted for throwing the magnets from their operative to their armatured positions, and vice versa.

The devices for opcratin g the magnets which I have shown are very simple, and have been found perfectly satisfactory in use.

Having thus described my invention, I claim' 1. The combination, with a series of magnets arranged side by side with their poles alternating, of mechanismfor example, a shaft having sockets arranged thereon at an angle other than a right angle to said shaft whereby the magnets may be supported in their operative position, or may be armatured by placing their opposite poles in contact.

2. The combination, with ahoppcr or spout, of one or more pairs of magnets, each pair be ing placed side by side with their opposite poles adjacent, a shaft having sockets for the magnets, placed at an angle other than a right angle to said shaft, and a supporting strip adapted to be embraced by the magnets and to support said shaft.

3. A series of magnets placed in pairs with their opposite poles next to each other, and a shaft having pairs of disks set at an angle, which form sockets for the magnets, in combination with a supportingstrip lying between the arms of the magnets,and upon which thedisks rest.

4. A series of magnets placed with their opposite poles adjacent and a shaft carrying disks set at an angle other than a right angle thereto, in combination with a supporting strip having stops which limit the outward movement of the magnets when the shaft is rotated.

5. The combination, with magnets having heads or covers L, whichineline nward from the outer edge, of a shaft having disks forming sockets corresponding in shape with the magnets, and set at an angle other than a right angle to said shaft, and means, as a strip. by which said disk and magnets are supported.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ERVA l3. SILLIMAN.

\Vitnesses:

A. M. Woosrnn, G. E. RUGGLES. 

